{"id":1688,"date":"2023-10-17T13:48:06","date_gmt":"2023-10-17T04:48:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bitwallet.com\/?post_type=glossary&p=1688"},"modified":"2024-02-28T11:29:56","modified_gmt":"2024-02-28T02:29:56","slug":"digital-signature","status":"publish","type":"glossary","link":"https:\/\/bitwallet.com\/vi\/support\/glossary\/digital-signature\/","title":{"rendered":"ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 (ch\u1eef k\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed)"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\u0111\u1ecdc th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/dt>\n
C\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt: ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 (ch\u1eef k\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed)<\/dd>\n
t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a<\/dt>\n
<\/dd>\n
t\u1eeb tr\u00e1i ngh\u0129a<\/dt>\n
<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eadt m\u00e3 kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 h\u00e0m b\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u201cch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cn\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i\u201d. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i n\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay th\u1ebf cho ch\u1eef k\u00fd v\u00e0 con d\u1ea5u d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n analog.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i ch\u1eef k\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, bao g\u1ed3m RSA, DSA v\u00e0 ECDSA, trong \u0111\u00f3 ECDSA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho Bitcoin. ECDSA (Elliptic Curve DSA) l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a DSA v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1eef k\u00fd DSA tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong elip.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, DSA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0m m\u1eadt m\u00e3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c gia Hoa K\u1ef3 (NIST). Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 RSA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean t\u1ea1o ra \u201ckh\u00f3a ri\u00eang\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f3a chung\u201d r\u1ed3i chuy\u1ec3n \u201ckh\u00f3a chung\u201d cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn. Ti\u1ebfp theo, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1eeb t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng \u201ckh\u00f3a ri\u00eang\u201d v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u0103m t\u1eeb t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn. Sau \u0111\u00f3, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u0103m c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng \u201ckh\u00f3a chung\u201d. N\u1ebfu hai gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u0103m n\u00e0y kh\u1edbp nhau th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu \u201ckh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi th\u00ec b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t \u0111i \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 C\u01a1 quan c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt ESIGN n\u0103m 2000 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00ednh k\u00e8m ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed do c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn c\u1ea5p v\u00e0o ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ch\u1eef k\u00fd s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eadt m\u00e3 kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 h\u00e0m b\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u201cch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cn\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i\u201d. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i n\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay th\u1ebf cho ch\u1eef k\u00fd v\u00e0 con d\u1ea5u d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n analog.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"genre":[68,69],"initial":[119],"initial-ja":[263],"class_list":["post-1688","glossary","type-glossary","status-publish","hentry","genre-genre04","genre-genre05","initial-ini-d","initial-ja-ini-ja-te"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bitwallet.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/1688","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bitwallet.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bitwallet.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/glossary"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/bitwallet.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/1688\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3639,"href":"https:\/\/bitwallet.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary\/1688\/revisions\/3639"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bitwallet.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1688"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"genre","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bitwallet.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/genre?post=1688"},{"taxonomy":"initial","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bitwallet.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/initial?post=1688"},{"taxonomy":"initial-ja","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bitwallet.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/initial-ja?post=1688"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}